CHAPTER WISE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS GEOGRAPHY

 

RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1) Identify the action plan with regard to Sustainable Development with the help of clues given below.

• It is the declaration signed by world leaders in 1992.
• It was held at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED).
• It aims at achieving global, sustainable development.
• It was an agenda to combat environmental damage, poverty, disease through global cooperation and common interests.

(a) Earth Summit

(b) Agenda 21

(c) Five Year Plan

(d) Our Common Future

2) The pattern of the net sown area varies greatly from one state to another. It is over 80 per cent of the total area in _______.

a) Madhya Pradesh

b) Assam

c) Rajasthan

d) Punjab

3)  Which one of the following is an example of Cultivable Wasteland ?

(а) Barren Wasteland .

(b) Current Fallow Land.

(c) Uncultivable Land.

(d) Net Sown Area.

4) The state of Rajasthan is very well endowed with solar and _______ energy but lacks in water resources.

a) Geothermal

b) Hydro

c) Wind

d) Tidal

5) Which of the following statements about Agenda 21 is true?

a) It aims at achieving global sustainable development.

b) It is an agenda to combat environmental damage, poverty and disease through global cooperation.

c) One of the major objectives of Agenda 21 is that every local government should not draw its own local Agenda 21.

d) Option (a) and (b)

6) Minerals and fossil fuels are examples of non-renewable resources which take _____ for their formation.

a) Hundreds of years

b) Thousands of years

c) Millions of years

d) Just a year

7) What was the main cause of colonization?

1. Rich resources in colonies
2. Higher technological know- how in colonizing countries which helped them to exploit those resources
3. Both of these
4. None of these

8) Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?

(a) Intensive cultivation

(b) Deforestation

(c) Over irrigation

(d) Overgrazing

9) In June 1992, more than 100 heads of states met in ________ in Brazil, for the first International Earth Summit.

a) Rio de Janeiro

b) São Paulo

c) Brasilia

d) Curitiba

10) In which one of the following states is terrace cultivation practised?

(a) Punjab

(b) Plains of Uttar Pradesh

(c) Haryana

(d) Uttarakhand

OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Which region of India is known as the Basalt region?
2. Mention the reason due to which red soils looks red?
3. Why are the lower horizons of the soil occupied by Kankar?
4. How much degraded land is present in India?
5. Who wrote the book ‘Small is Beautiful’?
6. From which Five Year Plan has India made concerted efforts for achieving the goals of resource planning?
7. Write the two types of renewable resources.

ASSERTION REASON QUESTIONS

DIRECTION: Mark the option which is most suitable:

(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

(c) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.

(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

1. Assertion (A) Alluvial soil is loamy and permeable.

Reason (R) It does not develop cracks in the dry hot season.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct Explanation of A.

c) A is True but R is False

d) A is False but R is True

2. Assertion : Alluvial soil is ideal for growth of paddy, wheat, cereal and pulse crops.

Reason : Alluvial soil is well-known for is capacity to hold moisture.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct Explanation of A.

c) A is True but R is False

d) A is False but R is True

3. Assertion (A) Human beings interact with nature through technology and create institutions to accelerate their economic development.

Reason (R) Resources are essential for human development.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct Explanation of A.

c) A is True but R is False

d) A is False but R is True

4. Assertion : Land is a natural resource of utmost importance.

Reason : Land can be used for various purposes.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct Explanation of A.

c) A is True but R is False

d) A is False but R is True

5. Assertion (A) Economic Development of a nation depends mainly on the richness, development and management of resources.

Reason (R) Over-population results in over-exploitation of resources.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct Explanation of A.

c) A is True but R is False

d) A is False but R is True

FORESTS AND WILDLIFE RESOURCES

(1) In ________ Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan villagers have fought against _______ by citing the Wildlife Protection Act.

(2) Which of the following categories of forests and wastelands belongs to government, private individuals’ communities?

(a) Protected Forests

(b) Reserved Forests

(c) Unclassed Forests

(d) Open Forests

(3) An integrated unit consisting of the community of living organisms and the physical environment is called __________.

(4) Several virgin forests preserved in the pristine form are called ___

(a) Sacred Forests

(b) Sacred Groves

(c) Sacred Trees

(d) Sacred Plants

(5) ________ was the first state to pass the Joint Forests Management Resolution.

(6) Teak Monoculture has damaged the natural forests in

(a) Ganga Plain

(b) South India

(c) Brahmaputra Plain

(d) None of the above

(7) Nature worship is an age-old tribal belief based on the premise that all creations of _________ have to be protected.

(8) Which one is considered as Primary Producers in an ecological system

(a) Forest

(b) Animals

(c) Sun

(d) Humans

(9) Farmers and citizen’s groups like the _______ in Tehri and _______ have shown that adequate levels of diversified crop production without the use of synthetic chemicals are possible and economically viable. 

(10) Which of the following states has the largest area under Permanent Forests?

(a) Nagaland

(b) Assam

(c) Madhya Pradesh

(d) Kerala

(11) What is Flora and Fauna?

(12) Name any two states which have the largest percentage of reserved forests?

(13) What are wildlife Sanctuaries?

(14) What is JFM?

(15) Mention any two factors responsible for depleting our forests and wildlife

(16) What is the main objective of the famous Chipko Movement?

(17) What is the main thrust of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act 1972?

ASSERTION REASON QUESTIONS

DIRECTION: Mark the option which is most suitable:

(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

(c) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.

(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

1. Assertion : Forests play a key role in the ecological system.

Reason : Forests are the primary producers on which all other living beings depend.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct Explanation of A.

c) A is True but R is False

d) A is False but R is True

2.      Assertion: Destruction of forests and wildlife resulted into the loss of cultural diversity

Reason: The conservation of forests and wildlife is essential to provide a better quality of life.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct Explanation of A.

c) A is True but R is False

d) A is False but R is True

3.      Assertion : Neglect of our environment has led to the destruction and extinction of many species of animals and plant life.

Reason : Decreasing Forest cover area is a major reason of destruction of species.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct Explanation of A.

c) A is True but R is False

d) A is False but R is True

4.      Assertion : We need to conserve our forests and wildlife.

Reason : Rapid decline in wildlife population and forestry has been observed.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct Explanation of A.

c) A is True but R is False

d) A is False but R is True

5.      Assertion : Depletion of forests causes a lot of danger.

Reason : Forests are vital for the quality of life and environment.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct Explanation of A.

c) A is True but R is False

d) A is False but R is True

WATER RESOURCES

1) Oceans contain ............... volume of water.

(a) 90 percent

(b) 75 percent

(c) 96.5 percent

(d) 98 percent

2) Which state has made roof top rainwater harvesting structures compulsory to all the houses across the state?

(a) Kerala

(b) Karnataka

(c) Tamil Nadu

(d) Andhra Pradesh

3)True or False: Rooftop rainwater harvesting is the most common practice in Shillong and Meghalaya. 

4) Diversion channels are built in ................... and ................... regions of India.

5) The first multi-purpose project of India was

(a) Sivasamudram

(b) Damodar Valley

(c) Hirakud

(d) Rajasthan Canal

6) Multi-purpose projects were launched in India after .....................

7) Which one of the following is not a source of freshwater?

(a) Oceans

(b) Surface runoff

(c) Ice-sheets

(d) Groundwater

8) True or False: Water stored in dams does not produce electricity. 

9) Nagarjuna Sagar Dam is built on which river?

(a) Chenab

(b) Mahanadi

(c) Krishna

(d) Satluj

10) Drip irrigation system is a means of ................... conservation. 

11) True or False: Tamil Nādu solved the problem of acute shortage of water. 

12) Sardar Sarovar Dam is constructed on

(a) River Krishna

(b) River Mahanadi

(c) River Kaveri

(d) River Narmada

13) Today dams are built for ................... reasons. 

14) Hirakud dam is built on which river?

(a) Chenab

(b) Mahanadi

(c) Krishna

(d) Satluj

15) Different social groups do not have ................... access to water. 

16) Which of the following multipurpose projects is found in the Satluj-Beas River basin?

(a) Hirakud Project

(b) Damodar Valley Corporation

(c) Bhakra Nangal Project

(d) Rihand Project

17) True or False: Salal Dam is built on Chenab River. 

18) On which of the following issues did the Narmada Bachao Andolan first focus?

(a) Benefits of irrigation to landless farmers

(b) Environmental issues related to submergence of trees under the dam water

(c) Rehabilitation of the people displaced due to construction of the dam

(d) Economic issues of wastage of money for the construction of the dam

ASSERTION AND REASON

Read the statement and choose the correct option-

1. Both A and R are true and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are true and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A
3. A is true but R is false
4. Both Assertion and Reason are false

1. Assertion : Water is a renewable resource. 

Reason : Freshwater is mainly obtained from surface runoff and groundwater that is continually being renewed. 

1. Both A and R are true and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are true and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A
3. A is true but R is false
4. Both Assertion and Reason are false

2. Assertion : Ground water is a highly overused resource. 

Reason : Groundwater is used for domestic and drinking purpose. 

1.      Both A and R are true and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A

2.      Both A and R are true and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A

3.      A is true but R is false

4.      Both Assertion and Reason are false

3) Assertion : Rainwater harvesting is to collect and store rainwater.

Reason : Rainwater can be directed to recharge the underground water.

1.      Both A and R are true and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A

2.      Both A and R are true and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A

3.      A is true but R is false

4.      Both Assertion and Reason are false

4. Assertion : The availability of water resources varies over space and time.

Reason : Availability of water resources helps in storing water. 

1.      Both A and R are true and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A

2.      Both A and R are true and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A

3.      A is true but R is false

4.      Both Assertion and Reason are false

5. Assertion : Irrigation has also changed the cropping pattern. 

Reason : Crops are now sown according to the amount and availability of water. 

1.      Both A and R are true and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A

2.      Both A and R are true and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A

3.      A is true but R is false

4.      Both Assertion and Reason are false

6. Assertion : Sardar Sarovar Dam has been built over the Narmada River in Gujarat.

Reason : This is one of the largest water resource projects of India covering four states.

1.      Both A and R are true and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A

2.      Both A and R are true and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A

3.      A is true but R is false

4.      Both Assertion and Reason are false

AGRICULTURE

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1) ‘Slash and Burn’ agriculture is –

(a) Shifting agriculture 

(b) Commercial agriculture 

(c) Intensive agriculture 

(d) None of these

2) Which of the following types of economic activity is agriculture?

(a) Secondary 

(b) Primary 

(c) Tertiary 

(d) Organized

3) Bhoodan- Gramdan movement was initiated by __________

(a) Government of India 

(b) Mahatma Gandhi 

(c) Vinoba Bhave 

(d) Jawaharlal Nehru

4) Hoe, dao digging sticks are associated with

(a) Primitive subsistence farming 

(b) Green Revolution 

(c) Commercial farming 

(d) Industrial revolution

5) Ragi is rich in

(a) Zinc 

(b) Iodine 

(c) Phosphorus 

(d) Iron

6) Which of the following oil-seeds is a Rabi crop?

(a) Sesamum 

(b) Linseed 

(c) Groundnut 

(d) None of the above

7) Which of the following was the main focus of our First Five Year Plan

(a) Cost of Food 

(b) Globalisation 

(c) Land Reforms 

(d) Industrialisation

8) Karnataka is famous for which plantation crops

(a) Coffee 

(b) Tea 

(c) jute 

(d) Wheat

9) Which type of agriculture is famous in North Eastern States like Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland

(a) Commercial 

(b) Intensive 

(c) Jhumming 

(d) Commercial Subsistence

10) Name the crop grown with the onset of monsoon in different parts of the country.

(a) Kharif Crop 

(b)Rabi Crop 

(c) Zaid 

(d)None of the above

ASSERTION REASON QUESTIONS

1.      Assertion (A): Pulses are leguminous crops 

Reason (R): These help in restoring soil fertility by fixing nitrogen from air

2.      Assertion (A): Indian Farmers should diversify their cropping pattern 

Reason (R): Diversification of agriculture will increase income and reduce environmental degradation

3.      Assertion (A): Organic farming is much in vogue. 

Reason(R): In organic farming crops are grown using high doses of chemical fertilisers and insecticides.

4.      Assertion(A): India’s primary activity is Agriculture 

Reason(R): Two thirds of its population is engaged in agricultural activities

MINERALS AND ENERGY RESOURCES

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. The larger occurrences of minerals of igneous and metamorphic rocks are called:

(a) Veins

(b) Lodes

(c) Beds

(d) Layers

2. Which one of the following is largely derived from ocean water?

(a) Bauxite

(b) Magnesium

(c) Gold

(d) Mica

3. Aluminium is obtained from

(a) bauxite

(b) limestone

(c) copper

(d) manganese

4. Which one of the following features is not true about copper?

(a) India is deficient in the reserve and production of copper.

(b) It is reliable, ductile and a good conductor.

(c) It is a ferrous ore.

(d) It is mainly used in electrical cables and electronic goods.

5.      Limestone is the basic raw material of

(a) Paper industry

(b) Cement industry

(c) Sugar industry

(d) Textile industry

6.      Mica is used in electric and electronic industries because

(a) of its insulating properties and resistance to high voltage

(b) it is a good conductor of electricity

(c) of its great malleability

(d) of its sonorous nature

7.      The highest quality of hard coal is:

(a) Lignite

(b) Bituminous

(c) Peat

(d) Anthracite

8.      Uranium and thorium used for generating nuclear power are found in

(a) Godavari Basin

(b) Gulf of Cambay

(c) Manikarn in Himachal Pradesh

(d) Aravalli ranges of Rajasthan

9.      In which region of India tidal energy is produced?

(a) Gulf of Kuchchh

(b) Puga Valley of Ladakh

(c) Gulf of Cambay

(d) Madhapur near Bhuj

Fill in the blanks:

1) Rocks are combination of homogeneous substances called - - - - - - - .

2) The mineral deposits in Sands of Valley floors and the base of hills called - - - -

3) . ..................must be present in ferrous minerals.

4) India is critically deficient in the Reserve and production of..............

5) Rajasthan is the ........................ largest producer of mica in India.

6) ........................ is a fossil fuel which is present below natural gas.

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES

ONE MARK QUESTIONS

1.      The first Jute mill was set up in ...............

(a)Hyderabad 

(b) Bengaluru 

(c) Kolkata 

(d) Mumbai

2.      What is GDP?

3.      The industries which have heavy types of raw material are called

(a) light industries 

(b) consumer industry 

(c) Key industry 

(d) none of these

4.      Define Industrialisation?

5.      Molasses are used to make

(a) rum 

(b) rubber 

(c) ethanol 

(d) all of the above

6.      Which is the only industry in India which is self-reliant?

(a) Textile industry 

(b) Iron and steel 

(c) Electrical 

(d) Petrochemicals

7.      Which out of the following is a mineral based industry?

(a) Sugar 

(b) Tea 

(c) Cotton 

(d) Petrochemicals

8.      Which country has the largest installed capacity of spindles in the world?

(a) Japan 

(b) Philippines 

(c) China 

(d) India

9.      Which one of the following industries manufactures telephones, computer etc?

(a) Steel 

(b) Electronic 

(c) Aluminium smelting 

(d) Information technology

10. Which one of the following organizations is responsible for the marketing steel for the Public Sector Undertakings?

(a) TISCO 

(b) IISCO 

(c) BHEL 

(d) SAIL

11. Define Environmental Degradation.

12. Oil India Ltd is a ________ type of industry on the basis of ownership?

(a)Public sector 

(b) Private sector 

(c) Joint sector Industry 

(d) Cooperative sector Industry

11. Match the items:

(i) Cotton Textile (ii) Jute Textile (iii) Iron and Steel (iv) Electronic goods (v) Software Park

(a) Bengaluru  (b) Jamshedpur  (c) Noida  (d) Mumbai (e) Hugli

(a) (i) a, (ii) b (iii) c (iv) d (v) e

(b) (i) d (ii) e (iii) b (iv) a (v) c

(c) (i) c, (ii) d (iii) b (iv)a (v) e

(c) (i) d, (ii) e (iii) c (iv) b (v) e

13. In a Steel Industry, what is the proportion of Iron Ore, coking coal and limestone used to produce steel?

(a)2:1:4 

(b)4:1:2 

(c)4:2:1 

(d)2:4:1

14. Tools, implements, fertilisers, tractors, etc. are supplied by

(a) government 

(b) industry 

(c) people 

(d) none of these

15.Manufacturing provides job opportunities to reduce dependence on agriculture. 

Identify which sector the following jobs belong to:

(1) Agriculture (i) Secondary

(2) Manufacturing (ii) Tertiary

(3) Research and Development (iii) Primary

(a) 1(i) 2(ii) 3(iii)

(b) 1(iii) 2(i) 3(ii)

(c) 2(i) 1(ii) 3(iii)

(d) 3(i) 2(ii) 3 (iii)

16. Which is the basic material required for garment manufacturing?

(a)Raw fibre 

(b)Fabric 

(c)Yarn 

(d)Garments

ASSERTION REASON QUESTIONS

DIRECTION: Mark the option which is most suitable:

(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

(c) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.

(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

1.      Assertion (A): Textile industry occupies a unique position in Indian economy.

Reason (R): It contributes significantly to industrial production employment generation directly

(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

(c) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.

(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

2.      Assertion (A): Rain water harvesting increases industrial pollution.

Reason (R): Rain water helps industry to meet water requirements.

(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

(c) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.

(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

3.      Assertion (A): There is a tendency for the mills to shift and concentrate in the southern and western states, especially in Maharashtra.

Reason (R): Raw material is cheaper there.

(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

(c) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.

(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

4.      Assertion (A): Air pollution is caused by the high proportion of presence of undesirable gases

Reason (R): Air pollution does not affect our health, and atmosphere as a whole.