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Classification of Rresources

On the basis of the status of development

Resources are classified into four groups, namely potential, developed, stock and reserve.
(i) Potential Resources : Potential resources are those which are found in a region, but have not been utilised. For example, solar energy and wind energy, available in Rajasthan and Gujarat, have not been developed properly.
(ii) Developed Resources : Developed resources are those which have been actually utilized by us and for its fullest utilization these  are estimated in terms of their quantity and quality, e.g., water, soil, forests.
(iii) Stock Resources : Materials in the environment which have the potential to satisfy human needs but are not technologically accessible to human beings, e.g., use of water as a rich source of energy, minerals buried deep inside of the surface of Antarctica.
(iv) Reserve Resources : Reserve is a part of stock which can be put to use in the near future with the help of existing technology, e.g., water in dams, forests.

On the basis of Ownership
  1. Individual Resources: These are owned privately by individuals. Many farmers own land which is allotted to them by government against the payment of revenue. Urban people own houses, plots and other property. So plantation, pasture land, ponds, etc. are some of the examples of resource ownership by individuals.
  2. Community-owned Resources: These are resources which are accessible to all the members of the community. For example, grazing grounds, burial grounds, village ponds, etc. and public parks, picnic spots, playground, etc. are accessible to all people. Thus they are community- owned resources.
  3. National Resources: All the resources within the nation are called national resources. All the minerals, water resources, forests, wildlife, land within the political boundaries and oceanic area upto 12 nautical miles from the coast and resources within the nation, belong to the nation.
  4. International Resources: There are international institutions which regulate some resources. The oceanic resources beyond 200 kms of the Exclusive Economic Zone belong to open ocean and no individual country can utilise these without the permission of international institutions.


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